Improvement in cultivators



J. N. BAUMANN.

Wheel-Cultivator.

Patented July 29, .1862

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PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN N. BAUMANN, OF MUSCATINE, IOWVA.

IMPROVEMENT IN CULTIVATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 35,985, dated July 29, 1862.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN N. BAUMANN, of Muscatine, in the county of Musoatine and State of Iowa, have invented a new and Improved Cultivator; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull,clear,and exactdescription of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a plan or top View of my invention. Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of the same,'taken in the line a: m, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a detached front view of the clod-crusher pertaining to the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention consists in a novel arrangement of the chains of the draft mechanism, as hereinafter fully shown and described,whereby the chains are allowed to operate freely and with less friction than hitherto.

The invention also consists in the employment or use of a guard or clod-crusher, so 0011- structed and arranged as to break the clods and prevent the plants being injured by them as they are thrown over by the plows.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my'invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A A represent two parallel beams, to the front ends of which uprights B B are attached, one to each. These uprights are connected at their upper ends by a cross-bar, G, which is fitted in metal sockets D D, attached to the uprights, and secured therein by bolts a, which pass through any of a series of holes, I), in the cross-bar 0. (See Fig. 1.)

To each-upright'B, at its lower part, there is secured a metal slide,E. These slides are simply plates provided at each side with a lip or flange to fit or lap over the front and back sides of the uprights to prevent them from moving or turning laterally. The slides are secured to the uprights by bolts 0, which pass through any of a series of holes, (I, in the uprights, and to the slides the axes of the wheels F are attached, which support the front part of the machine. It will be seen, therefore, that by adjusting the slides F higher or lower on the uprightsB B the front ends of the beams AA may be more or less elevated and the plows hereinafter described made to penetrate the earth at a greater or loss distance, as may be desired.

G G are two inclined posts or standards, to the lower ends of which shovel-plows H are attached, one to each. These posts or standards are secured one to each beam A, and they are connected at their upper ends by a cross bar, I, said cross-bar being secured to the standards by bolts 6 passing through it and through metal sockets J, which are secured to the standards. This arrangement is precisely the same as that described for securing the crossbar 0 to the upper ends of the uprights B B, and it is necessary, as the connections of the cross-bar I require to be varie'dor changed with those of O in order that the beams A A may be adjusted parallel at a greater or less dis tance apart to suit the width of the spaces between the rows of plants.

K is a cross-bar, which is attached directly to the beams A Aby means of hooksff, which pass underneath the beams A A and upward at the inner sides of the beams, and thence through any of a series of holes, g, in the crossbar K. The upper ends of these hooks have screw-threads cut on them and are provided with nuts h, by which the cross-bar K may be snugly adjusted to the beams A A and at different points, as may be desired.

To the center of the cross-bar I of the standards G G there is attached by a central bolt, 01, a double-tree, L. (See Fig. 2.) This doubletree has a draft-chain, M, attached to each end of it, said draft-chains extending to the front part of the machine and passing under pulleys N N, which are fitted in slides O O on the uprights B B, said slides 0 being constructed like the slides E, and secured to the uprights by boltsj in the same way as the slides E. A

whitfletree, P, is attached to the front end of each draft-chain M. The double-tree is not shown in Fig. 1, as it would obstruct the view of the other parts of the machine.

To the center of the crossbar K there is se= cured by a bolt, is, a vertical bar, Q, which has an oblong slot made in it, through .which the bolt it passes. The lower part of the bar Q has two segment-projections, ll, each of which has a curved slot, m, made in it, through which bolts 12. a pass, said bolts serving to secure in proper position two bars, R R, which are connected together and to the bar Q at their up per ends by a pivot-bolt, 0". Each bar R has a series of horizontal rods, 0, secured to it at equal distances apart. These rods 0 serve as a guard or screen and protect the plants from clods which the plows H turn over or throw up in their passage through the soil. The clods also will be broken by the rods 0 as they are pressed or forced against it by the action of the plows. This guard or clod-crusher may be adjusted in proper position by moving the crossbar K and securing it at the proper point on the beams A A.

The plows H H are each permanently secured to a metal box, S, and these boxes are secured to the lower parts of the standardsG G by bolts q. The boxes have a projection, 'r, at their upper and lower ends, which serve as bearing-surfaces for the plows and keep them out from the standards in order to admit of the earth passing down between them and the standards. (See Fig. 2.) This arrangement prevents the earth being carried or shoved along by the plows.

To the back partof each plow-beam A there is secured an inclined standard, T, to the lower end of each of which there is attached a turn plow, U, by means of boxes W, which are pre cisely similar to the boxes S. The plows U are not in line with the plows H. The former project out from the beams A, as shown in Fig. 1, and are designed for plowing earth to or from the plants, as may be desired, the plows being changed from one standard T to the other, according to the direction in which the earth is to be thrown.

The bars R R may be more or less spread by moving the bolts n a in the curved slots m m of the segments ll of bar Q. The bars R R and their rods 0 pass along at each side of the rows. The bar Q may be adjusted higher or lower to bar K by loosening the bolt is. When the guard or olod-crusher is not required it is removed from the machine and a plowstandard, X, (shown in red,) attached to the cross-bar K, the plow of said standard serving to split or open the ridges or rows of previous crops, and thereby greatly facilitate the operation of the machine when used in plowing stock ground.

The line of draft may be changed higher or lower by adjusting the pulley-slides O 0 higher orlowerontheiruprightsB. Thisarrangement of the draft mechanism-40 wit, the doubletree L L and draft-chains M M-insures an easy or light draft, and the cross-bars G, I, and K are sufficiently high to be above the tops of the plants.

The pulleys N N, in consequence of being adjustable, admit of the draft-chains M being regulated-placed higher or lower-as circumstances may require. These adjustable pulleys, it will be seen, are virtually the points from-which the draft-chains act upon the machine, and are very important, as the line of draft may be raised or lowered at' the will of the driver.

Having thus described my invention, whatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The attaching of the double-tree L tothe cross-bar I of the standards G G, when used in combination with the chains M M, passing under adjustable pulleys N N, and a whiffletree, P, connected to each chain, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The guard or clod-crnsher consisting ot the adjustable barsRR, provided with parallel rods 0 and attached to the bar Q, which is also adjustable and secured to the cross-bar K, as

set forth.

JOHN N. BAUMANN. Witnesses:

JosEPH KLEINFELDER, JOSEPH MAYER. 

